Learning of Children in Early Ages Essay Example

Learning of Children in Early Ages Essay Learning of kids in early ages ConteNational Trusts Introduction We will write a custom essay sample on Learning of Children in Early Ages specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Learning of Children in Early Ages specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Learning of Children in Early Ages specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Emergent literacy Issues in the acquisition of literacy How immature kids learn different composing systems Writing different books and the design of symbols Embodied cognition Decision Plants Cited Question: See the ways in which kids learn to read and compose. Illustrate, utilizing Kenner, Al-Khatri, Kwok, Kim and Tsai’s survey ( 2004 ) how immature kids pay attending to directivity, form, size, spacial orientation in bring forthing different composing books. Introduction It is necessary to promote the kids towards larning since childhood. Motivation towards larning and thought is of import when kid is immature because at that clip, kid grabs the thing easy. If child gets developing about the importance of acquisition and patterns composing in the early childhood, so it will be good for his remainder of life. It is a fact that a kid alterations in a batch of ways during the old ages of primary school. These old ages are so much of import to develop a wont of acquisition and thought in the kid. Cognitive development is necessary to be developed in immature kids. Cognitive development includes larning accomplishments such as linguistic communications, strong memory, planning and paying attending to the work. In these initial old ages, parents have to play their function. ( Australia, 2012 ) By the aid of different activities, parents can actuate the kids towards larning new things. But it is besides a fact that developing immature kids is non an easy undertaking. It is neither easy for the parents and nor for the instructors. By the aid of assorted Sessionss, activities and games, we can promote kids towards larning. Child sometimes faces trouble in larning different materials at a clip but with the transition of clip, he becomes accustomed. In the book,Becoming BiliterateKenner C. ( 2004 ) explains about child’s acquisition of different linguistic communications. He besides discusses about different ways by which we can actuate immature kids to read and compose. Furthermore, in the paper, we will look on different ways of learning kids in immature ages and besides discuss relevant techniques. Emergent literacy Term Emergent literacy defines the interaction of immature kids with books. This term explains that when a kids is in the province of larning something and when he is non in a place of authorship or reading some material. Marie Clay used this term for the first clip. Emergent literacy is process that starts from the birth of a kid and continues until and unless child trains in authorship or reading in a conventional sense. This term is used in the field of psychological science, linguistics, sociology and instruction. ( Anon. , 2011 ) Procedure of reading and composing starts in the immature ages of an person. A child attempts to reach with different types of communicating from the beginning. It is observed that most of the kids starts acknowledging different marks and symbols in the age of two or three old ages. It is because of the fact that every clip, their head is in the province of acquisition and interacting with different things. Equally far as this affair is concerned that e ither the kid starts composing foremost or reading, it varies from kid to child. But researches show that most of the kids face trouble in reading during their early ages and get down composing rapidly. Issues in the acquisition of literacy Acquisition of literacy for the immature kids is non easy. Although, kid starts detecting all the things by utilizing his five senses but still some counsel is necessary. By the aid of counsel and preparation, kid learns the things easy. There are different issues that a kid faces in the acquisition of literacy particularly in footings of larning 2nd linguistic communication. Learning of different linguistic communications becomes a large job for immature kids. In the article, Literacy and Second Language Acquisition: Issues and Positions,Weinstein ( 1984 ) explains that there is a strong relationship between the acquisition of 2nd linguistic communication and literacy. Writer explains that understanding different linguistic communications and larning 2nd linguistic communication is hard. ( WEINSTEIN, 1984 ) In another article by Philip and Mikko ( 2003 ) , it was explained that most of the kids in European states complete their acquisition of linguistic communication before get down ing their early school instruction. English is at the top in the acquisition of linguistic communications. Children learn English easy every bit compared to other linguistic communications. ( Philip H. K. Seymour, Mikko Aro, Jane M. Erskine, 2003 ) Another issue that is faced by the kids in acquisition is their mental province. It is non ever necessary that mental province of every kid is same. Therefore, we can non use same schemes for all kids. Some kids do non catch these thing rapidly and to develop the sense of larning in them, it is necessary to use alternate techniques. How immature kids learn different composing systems There are different composing systems working in the universe. It is non necessary that everyone knows all composing systems. Most of the people knows one or two composing systems normally. Talking in footings of larning different composing systems for the kids, it is good to develop them in their early ages. For illustration, if a kid is born in Europe and parents want him to go familiar with English composing system, so they have to steer him about English composing alphabets in the early ages. There are fundamentally two types of composing systems. First type is known as alphabets and 2nd type is called as Syllabaries. Both types are divided on assorted sub divisions. List of major categorization is as following. Consonant alphabets Abugidas Alphabets Syllabaries Semanto-Phonetic composing systems Undeciphered composing systems ( Anon. , 2007 ) Now, the inquiry is how immature kids learn different composing systems? There are different ways by which we can steer immature kids in larning assorted composing systems. First manner to better literacy is by learning Morphemes. Morphemes is a aggregation of words that consists of different units of significance. By the aid of morphemes, kids can easy articulate the words and spell them. Teaching morphemes is a best manner to learn vocabulary to the immature kids. ( Nunes, T. , and Bryant, P, 2006, pp. 14 ) Another manner to learn different composing systems to the kids is by utilizing composition board books. Parents can utilize different pieces of apparels, and cardboard books to learn different alphabets to the kids. Colorful images can play an of import function in pulling the immature kids towards acquisition. Writing different books and the design of symbols For composing a peculiar linguistic communication, specific composing system is used. Writing system is normally known as Script. On the other manus, symbols are besides used to steer kids about linguistic communications. Types of books are as following. Script support Alphabets Right to left alphabets Syllabary Syllabic alphabet Ideographic book Depending upon your linguistic communication manner and book, you can learn your kid about the linguistic communication. If we take the illustration of English composing system, so it is seen that it starts from the left manus side whereas in instance of Arabic, book starts from right manus side. So, it is necessary for the parents that they teach child about these rudimentss. Suppose, you are from the Arabic background and do familiar your kid with the Arabic authorship system, so it is necessary for you to concentrate on the Arabic authorship system. You should choose those books and composition boards on which Arabic words are written so that your kid starts acknowledging these words. Following is an image that tells you about the basic Arabic authorship system. Another manner of steering your kid is through symbols. You can learn your kid by utilizing different symbols and images of something. In the early childhood, child easy understand words by the aid of its illustration. Kerner ( 2004 ) focused on the illustration of symbols and images. ( Kenner, C. Al-Khatib, H. , Kwok, G. , Kam, R. and Tsai, K, 2004, pp. 35 ) , In this image, we can see that with all the English alphabets, different images are used so that child cane place the word easy. By the aid of symbols and images, designation of words become easy. Embodied cognition In order to learn the kids to read and composing, actions besides play a great function. Education in which organic structure involves actions and knows how to move on something is called as Embodied Knowledge. The best illustration of this type of cognition is siting a bike. Almost, everyone knows how to sit a bike and we do non necessitate to memorise the process of siting bike. This is a type of cognition that is automatically imprinted in the head of an person. It can be said that corporal cognition is present in our unconsciousness. Children learn this cognition by detecting the environment. Embodied cognition is slightly similar to the Cognitive scientific discipline. Decision To reason the full treatment, it can be said that parents can play an of import function in learning their kid in early old ages. Young kids are rather sensitive and in the early ages, their attention is the responsibility of parents. Parents should learn their kid by utilizing techniques and activities. Before directing the kid to school, a kid should hold a basic sense of acknowledging and understanding different words and things. So, that he may non confront any trouble in future. Plants Cited Anon. , 2007.Types of authorship system.[ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.omniglot.com/writing/types.htm [ Accessed March 2014 ] . Anon. , 2011.what is emergent literacy? .[ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.lincoln.dubuque.k12.ia.us/School-Wide/Literacy/EmergentLiteracy.htm [ Accessed March 2014 ] . Australia, c. o. , 2012.About thought and acquisition.[ Online ] Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kidsmatter.edu.au/sites/default/files/public/KMP_C3_CDTL_AboutThinkingAndLearning.pdf [ Accessed 2014 ] . Kenner, C. Al-Khatib, H. , Kwok, G. , Kam, R. and Tsai, K. ( 2004 ) ,Becoming Biliterate: Young Children Learning Different Writing Systems,Stoke-on-Trent, Trentham Books. Nunes, T. , and Bryant, P. ( 2006 ) ,Bettering Literacy by Teaching morphemes,London, Routledge. Philip H. K. Seymour, Mikko Aro, Jane M. Erskine, 2003. Foundation literacy acquisition in European writing systems.British Journal of Psychology,94 ( 2 ) , p. 143–174. Seymour, P. , Aro, M. , and Erskine, J. ( 2003 ) , Foundation Literacy Acquisition, inBritish Journal of Psychology, 94: 143-174. WEINSTEIN, G. , 1984. Literacy and Second Language Acquisition: Issues and Positions.TESOL Quarterly,18 ( 3 ) , p. 471–484.

Free Essays on Welfare

The United States’ welfare system is a program that enables needy Americans to sustain themselves and provide for their basic needs, which include shelter, food, and clothing. Programs are aimed at helping people unable to support themselves fully or earn a living; necessities that most people can provide on their own through means of labor. Welfare is designed to aid those people who are incapable of working or obtaining any help from family members or other sources. But how is this money obtained? Welfare programs are funded through means of taxes by the same Americans who are part of the labor force. Essentially, all countries should have welfare programs that provide for those people who are needy. However, in order to avoid the dependence of welfare among different groups in our society, government should create policies to modify the current socioeconomic issues and be more selective in deciding just how needy is needy. Over the past decade, the number of foreign immigrants in the United States has risen drastically. According to Virginia Abernethy, â€Å"immigration accounts for nearly half of U.S. population growth† (Abernethy). The reason for this drastic increase is mainly due to the socioeconomic conditions of the neighboring countries. As a result, our nation has found the need to adjust to the overwhelming growth of the population; it has needed to provide for those immigrants who upon arrival are unable to do so for themselves. Indeed, the United States’ welfare system, though not generous by Western European standards, stack up pretty well when compared to the standard of living available in most of the world’s less-developed countries (Borjas). As a result, many immigrants rely on the aid of the United States’ government to sustain themselves since this assistance discourages work. Consequently, welfare system has been altered and so has its purpose, making it unjust to provide funds for people who have never c... Free Essays on Welfare Free Essays on Welfare Last year, the Maryland NAACP released a report concluding that "the ready access to a lifetime of welfare and free social service programs is a major contributory factor to the crime problems we face today."(1) Their conclusion appears to be confirmed by academic research. For example, research by Dr. June O'Neill's and Anne Hill for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services showed that a 50 percent increase in the monthly value of combined AFDC and food stamp benefits led to a 117 percent increase in the crime rate among young black men.(2) Welfare contributes to crime in several ways. First, children from single-parent families are more likely to become involved in criminal activity. According to one study, children raised in single-parent families are one-third more likely to exhibit anti-social behavior.(3) Moreover, O'Neill found that, holding other variables constant, black children from single- parent households are twice as likely to commit crimes as black children from a family where the father is present. Nearly 70 percent of juveniles in state reform institutions come from fatherless homes, as do 43 percent of prison inmates.(4) Research indicates a direct correlation between crime rates and the number of single-parent families in a neighborhood.(5) As Barbara Dafoe Whitehead noted in her seminal article for The Atlantic Monthly: The relationship [between single-parent families and crime] is so strong that controlling for family configuration erases the relationship between race and crime and between low income and crime. This conclusion shows up time and again in the literature. The nation's mayors, as well as police officers, social workers, probation officers, and court officials, consistently point to family break up as the most important source of rising rates of crime.(6) At the same time, the evidence of a link between the availability of welfare and out-of-wedlock births is overwhelming. There ... Free Essays on Welfare When it was originally conceived during a time of economic distress, the welfare program supplied aid to those in need. Welfare aid was received primarily by widowed and divorced mothers, and it served as a cushion to break their fall into a different lifestyle, so that they could get back on their feet and walk on there own with the intent to get there life on track. However today it has come to serve as a paycheck for irresponsible Americans. Welfare is like patching a water main with duct tape; you have to constantly make sure that you keep putting more tape on it to keep it in check, I believe. Welfare programs should show the poor they must learn to fish for themselves if recipients are ever going to work again to support themselves. With this in mind, we must change our welfare system. In 1935, President Franklin D. Roosevelt said: â€Å"I can now see the end of public assistance in America.† FDR’s declaration did not come true considering the amounts of money the federal government was giving out to the poor. The sums were intended to give the needy a boost that would theoretically start the poor towards economic success. That didn’t work. Since then, and over the past 25 years, welfare spending designed to achieve FDR’s goal has totaled hundreds of billions of dollars. Since then, income support to welfare recipients multiplied more than five times in constant dollars. That is, relative to inflation and cost of living adjustments. Since then, the idea of ending public assistance in America has become more and more absurd. Since the early days when welfare helped widows or divorced women make the difficult change to a new start, it’s major function has changed. In a Los Angeles Times poll from 1985, 70 percent of poor women said it is â€Å"almost always† or â€Å"often† true that â€Å"poor young women have babies so they can collect welfare.† Two thirds said that welfare... Free Essays on Welfare The United States’ welfare system is a program that enables needy Americans to sustain themselves and provide for their basic needs, which include shelter, food, and clothing. Programs are aimed at helping people unable to support themselves fully or earn a living; necessities that most people can provide on their own through means of labor. Welfare is designed to aid those people who are incapable of working or obtaining any help from family members or other sources. But how is this money obtained? Welfare programs are funded through means of taxes by the same Americans who are part of the labor force. Essentially, all countries should have welfare programs that provide for those people who are needy. However, in order to avoid the dependence of welfare among different groups in our society, government should create policies to modify the current socioeconomic issues and be more selective in deciding just how needy is needy. Over the past decade, the number of foreign immigrants in the United States has risen drastically. According to Virginia Abernethy, â€Å"immigration accounts for nearly half of U.S. population growth† (Abernethy). The reason for this drastic increase is mainly due to the socioeconomic conditions of the neighboring countries. As a result, our nation has found the need to adjust to the overwhelming growth of the population; it has needed to provide for those immigrants who upon arrival are unable to do so for themselves. Indeed, the United States’ welfare system, though not generous by Western European standards, stack up pretty well when compared to the standard of living available in most of the world’s less-developed countries (Borjas). As a result, many immigrants rely on the aid of the United States’ government to sustain themselves since this assistance discourages work. Consequently, welfare system has been altered and so has its purpose, making it unjust to provide funds for people who have never c... Free Essays on Welfare Welfare is one of America’s most important social policies aimed at helping the poor. Most of the current poor come from poor neighborhoods where dilapidated living conditions and deteriorating neighborhoods shape failure. Young people are cheated of the basic foundation from which to grow because of the lack of jobs available to their parents, forcing them into the welfare system. Although not all welfare recipients live in urban areas, most do and it is important to examine the current welfare system and the direction it is heading toward in order to improve the conditions of our poor citizens. Over the last five years, welfare caseloads have become predominantly urban according to a report done by the Brookings Institution Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy. While welfare caseloads have dropped and some studies suggest that poverty has been reduced since the enactment of welfare reform five years ago, many cities are still struggling to help welfare recipients move into and stay in the workforce. Cities face unique challenges to welfare reform, including having a greater share of the nation’s welfare caseloads, being home to the hardest to serve, and now confronting an economic recession that further threatens low-income workers. As welfare rolls fall, families that rely on government assistance are increasingly concentrated in big cities. Nearly three in every five people on welfare can be found in the 100 largest U.S. cities. Welfare recipients are becoming clustered in big cities and many are being racially isolated, with African Americans and Hispanics accounting for a growing share of the families who remain on rolls. Between 1994 and 2000, the proportion of the nation’s welfare families that live in the 100 largest cities rose significantly from 47 percent to 58 percent. Moving these people off welfare is more difficult in these big cities rather than in the suburbs. In these cities many families face a shortage ...

Art Nouveau Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Art Nouveau - Essay Example Art Nouveau seemed advanced, willingly grasping the materials of the present and establishing itself as a movement of original, but at the same time, artificial novelty. Did stone validate the strength and riches of the affluent, whose self-centredness Art Nouveau ridiculed? Art Nouveau showed off its originality by transforming stone into a lively work of art with swirling flora, legendary people and mythical creatures. Art Nouveau skilfully used and manipulated stone, but at the same time, adopted new materials like glass, steel, iron, and polychrome glazing, usually in interesting and extraordinary mixtures or arrangements in the same creation, whether it is furniture or a dwelling. Every facet of human thought and behaviour were explored once more. It may be reasonably assumed that there was a transition to a worldview that was governed by an extraordinary sense of assurance and appreciation as regards the environment and human circumstances. There was an incomparable feeling tha t humanity was embracing life and existence, that the Gothic idea that people inhabit a world engulfed by the enigmatic, unfathomable, impenetrable, and bizarre was being eroded. However, as a contradiction, there was also a rejection of positivist ideas, western materialism, and empirical evidence. A feeling of aversion resulted in a return to forgotten traditions and bygone eras and a hostility to mercantilist capitalism. In spite of this dichotomy—a contrast between the natural and the artificial.